The rough surface allows for entrapment of impurities from soils and water.
Also, while a surface of an instrument may look bright and shiny to the naked eye, under microscopic examination the surface is actually very rough. All types of stainless steel will eventually become corroded and stained. It is important to remember that stainless steel means stain less steel, not stain- proof steel. Generally, the higher the chromium content, the more corrosion resistant the metal is. The amount of each of these components depends upon the grade of stainless steel. What's in stainless steel? Stainless steel is composed of iron, carbon, chromium, nickel, manganese, silica, and many other metals in smaller quantities.
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The members of the 300 series are made of more corrosion-resistant materials. The softer stainless steels, such as those used for surgical blades, are found in the 400 series stainless steels. The harder stainless steels are typically found in the 300 series stainless steels. For example, a cutting edge would be made of softer steel than an instrument used for grasping. The composition varies according to intended use. Some of these instruments contain hardened inserts that are typically identified by their gold handles. The vast majority of these instruments are made of stainless steel. There are thousands of different types of surgical instruments available on the market. Corrosion can result in a shortened instrument life, which results in increased cost. Spores can be protected from destruction by the layers of iron oxide (rust). Spotting, staining, and corrosion also interfere with sterilization. For example, a hemostat may not open because of corrosion in the box area, scissors and scalpels could become dull, and instruments could break during surgery as a result of severe corrosion. Spotting, staining, and corrosion of surgical instruments can impair their function. Symptoms of problems are presented along with descriptions of common sources of instrument problems. This article covers various reasons to monitor the instrument-processing scheme along with understanding basic instrument construction itself. These problems can be avoided provided careful attention is given to the method of processing the instruments and possible causes are understood.
Surgical instrument spotting, staining, and corrosion are serious problems in many healthcare facilities.
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